Current Limiting Reactor
Current Limiting Reactor (CLR) is used to reduce the available short circuit level to a value that matches the rating…
How to calculate reactive power of a transformer?
Transformer reactive power consumption Power transformers ‘consume’ inductive VARS during operation. This is due to the reactive power requirement of…
PHASE TO GROUND SHORT CIRCUIT WAVEFORM
Characteristics of a Phase to Ground fault Following are some of the characteristic ‘signatures’ of a phase to ground or…
Phase to Phase Short Circuit Waveform
Characteristics of a Phase to Phase Fault Following are some of the characteristic ‘signatures’ of a phase to phase fault.…
CURRENT TRANSFORMER SATURATION
The purpose of a Current Transformer (CT) is to produce an exact replica of the primary current waveform with its…
VFD Undervoltage Fault
Drive (VFD) undervoltage protection for common low HP drives is based on the measured voltage on the DC bus of…
Broken Delta
Broken delta refers to the connection of Voltage Transformers (VT) or Potential Transformers (PT) in a series fashion to calculate…
SOURCE IMPEDANCE CALCULATION IN POWER SYSTEMS
Data from power grid (utility) operators is often provided in one of the following formats at a given system voltage:…
Open Delta Transformer
Open Delta Transformer uses two single phase transformers to provide three-phase supply. A balanced three-phase voltage supply can be obtained…