How to identify Capacitor switching transients?
Power capacitor bank switching at utility or industrial power system can lead to current and voltage transients and can be…
Line Protection Using Impedance (Distance) Relays
When a system has too many radial lines protection using time delay overcurrent relay becomes impractical. Time delay for relay…
Magnetic Circuit for Power Engineers
Terminology: Magnetic Flux: The total flow of a field is called its flux. Example total light emitted from a source…
Positive and Zero Sequence Impedance of Cable
Positive, Negative and Zero sequence impedance values of cable systems are needed for performing fault current calculations and other power…
Earth Resistance Calculator for Single Electrode
Driving metallic earth rod in to ground is one of the basic steps in creating suitable earth or ground reference…
Substation Grounding: Role of Crushed Rock
Ever wondered why crushed rock is spread over the surface of an electric substation? This article goes through the reasons…
Zero Sequence Impedance of Core and Shell Type Wye Wye Transformer
Sequence impedance for typical winding connections can be found in most text books. These ignore magnetizing impedance branch and is…
Comparison of Core and Shell Type Transformer
Power Transformers can also be classified according to the type of construction: Core Type and Shell Type. Type of construction…
Advantages of Triplex Transformer
Triplex transformer is a three-phase transformer made of three single-phase transformers that are interconnected using bus to form three-phase bank.…
UNDERSTAND SYNCHRO CHECK RELAY FOR SOURCE PARALLELING
Synchro check or sync check relays are used to verify that voltage, phase angle, frequency and phase rotation across two…